VCE · Geography · Population Dynamicslive from the app
Fertility and Mortality
Two forces drive population change from within. Fertility (births) and mortality (deaths) — and the gap between them, natural increase — determine whether a population grows or shrinks, before migration enters the picture.
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geography · population dynamics · fertility and mortalitydrag it · it is yours
the one idea
why this one carries the topic.
Populations change through three doors: births, deaths and movement. Every projection is a bet on those three.
Fertility rate is the number of live births per thousand people per year, while mortality rate is the number of deaths per thousand per year, and the difference between them gives the natural increase rate which shows population growth excluding migration.
what examiners catch — Students often confuse crude birth rate with total fertility rate, or forget that a negative natural increase means a declining population, which matters when interpreting data for countries like Japan or Germany.
what you leave with
four things, not forty.
Total fertility rate: births per woman
Mortality: death rate, infant mortality, life expectancy
Natural increase = births − deaths
Replacement fertility is ~2.1
what's underneath
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knowhere maps every concept to what it rests on and what rests on it — 0 underneath this one, 2 built on top. Each one says why, in a sentence, not as an arrow on a diagram.
this conceptfertility and mortalityFertility rate is the number of live births per thousand people per year, while mortality rate is the number of deaths per thousand per year, and the difference between them gives the natural increase rate which shows population growth excluding migration.
built on itthe demographic transition modelbecause the model plots the two rates
built on itmalthus and the population debatebecause Malthus argued about exactly these rates
the rest of population dynamics
4 more, same treatment.
Each one is its own knowscape in the app — built for how a particular student takes things in, not one explanation handed to everybody.
world population distributionin the appmalthus and the population debatein the appthe demographic transition modelin the appmigration and population pyramidsin the app
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