validity and reliability — VCE psychology, live

Validity and Reliability

These are the two foundational criteria for evaluating any research design or measurement instrument. Think of validity as accuracy of measurement and reliability as precision: you can have precise measurements that consistently miss the actual phenomenon, or accurate concepts measured inconsistently. This is the real knowscape from knowhere, not a picture of one. Drag it. Watch what actually changes.

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Validity refers to whether a study measures what it claims to measure, while reliability refers to whether results are consistent across repeated measurements or trials.

what examiners catch — Students commonly fail to recognise that high reliability does not guarantee validity, or cannot distinguish between internal validity and external validity in applied scenarios.

three things, not forty.

Internal validity asks whether the IV actually caused the DV or whether confounding variables provide alternative explanations

External validity encompasses ecological validity, whether findings apply to real-world settings, and population validity, whether results generalize beyond the sample

Reliability can be assessed through test-retest consistency over time, inter-rater agreement between observers, or internal consistency between different parts of the same measure

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this conceptvalidity and reliabilityValidity refers to whether a study measures what it claims to measure, while reliability refers to whether results are consistent across repeated measurements or trials.

sits under itexperimental method and variablesbecause validity judges a method you must first have

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ethics: concepts and guidelinesin the appexperimental method and variablesin the appsampling techniquesin the appvariables: the four that matterin the appblind procedures and biaslive →statistics and significancein the appaccuracy, precision and validityin the appsampling and allocationin the appchoosing an investigation methodologyin the app

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